Cost Management
Cost Performance Index (CPI) & SPI: Formulas [2026]
The cost performance index (CPI = EV/AC) and schedule performance index (SPI = EV/PV): the formulas, how to read the values, a worked example, and the PMP exam.
Estimate at Completion (EAC): Formulas & Example [2026]
Estimate at completion (EAC) forecasts a project's final cost: the four EAC formulas and when to use each, plus ETC, VAC, TCPI, and how it is tested on the PMP.